Rehab

Osteoporosis

The more risk factors and first signs you have, the more you are at risk for this silent epidemic condition that affects children and older adults, people of all ethnic backgrounds, men as well as women. Learning about and prevention of its devastating and sometimes life-threatening consequences is of paramount importance. It is also much less painful and expensive than the effects of vertebral compression or hip fracture.

Check Your Risk

• Female.
• Delayed puberty/irregular menstrual cycles.
• Caucasian or Asian.
• Small boned.
• High alcohol intake.
• Caffeine (more than 2-5 cups/day).
• Sedentary lifestyle/over-exerciser.
• Low calcium diet.
• Prolonged immobilization.
• Men-low testosterone/over age 75.
• History maternal hip fracture.
• Family history.
• Early menopause.
• Post-menopausal (natural or surgical).
• Advanced age.
• Smoking.
• High protein diet (meat).
• Eating disorders.
• Having had no children/nulliparous.

Medications: Corticosteroids (cortisone and prednisone), Anticonvulsants such as Dilantin or Phenobarbital, Thyroid medication, Diuretics, Antacids containing aluminum, Methotrexate (cancer drug), Heparin, Coumadin, Cyclosporine releasing hormones e.g., Lupron and Zoladex (used for treatment of endometriosis), Anti-rejection medications, Tamoxifen (pre-menopausal use), Thiazolidinediones such as Actos and Avandia, Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (e.g., Lexapro, Prozac, Zoloft), Proton Pump Inhibitors (Nexium, Prevacid, Prilosec), Lithium, Depo-Provera, Aromatase Inhibitors such as Arimidex, Aromasin, and Femeral.

Diseases: AIDs/HIV, ankylosing spondylitis, blood and bone marrow disorders, depression, gastrectomy, gastrointestinal bypass procedures, hyperparathyroidism, inflammatory bowel disease, chronic kidney disease, thyroid disease, congenital disorders, diabetes, COPD, cancer, seizures, chronic inflammations, neurological disorders, TB, rheumatoid arthritis, malabsorption disorder, mental Illness, cushing's disease, burns, liver disease, eating disorders, lupus, lymphoma, leukemia, multiple myeloma, multiple sclerosis, organ transplants, parkinson's disease, polio and post-polio syndrome, scoliosis, spinal cord injuries, stroke, thalassemia, thyrotoxicosis, and weight loss.

First Signs

• Loss of body height.
• Postural change (Dowager's Hump).
• Disease.
• Protruding abdomen.
• Fracture of minimal trauma, slow healing.
• Back pain.
• Loss of teeth (periodontal).
• Transparent skin.

Risk Factors Specific for Hip Fracture

• History of previous hip fracture.
• Family.
• Vision problems.
• Deconditioning/Hypokinesis.
• Hip fracture immediate.
• Balance problems.
• Tall, slim build.

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